178 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
178 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
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**Cette page a été importée automatiquement de notre ancien wiki mais n'a pas encore été révisée.**
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# Howto HDPARM
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HDPARM est un outil pour visualiser et changer les paramètres d'un disque IDE (PATA et SATA).
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## Commandes HDPARM utiles
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Voir les caractéristiques d'un disque :
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~~~
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# hdparm -i /dev/hda
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/dev/hda:
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Model=QUANTUM FIREBALL SE2.1A, FwRev=API.0D00, SerialNo=632804253921
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Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec Fixed DTR>10Mbs }
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RawCHS=4092/16/63, TrkSize=32256, SectSize=512, ECCbytes=4
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BuffType=DualPortCache, BuffSize=80kB, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=off
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CurCHS=4092/16/63, CurSects=4124736, LBA=yes, LBAsects=4124736
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IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
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PIO modes: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
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DMA modes: sdma0 sdma1 sdma2 mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 *udma2
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AdvancedPM=no
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Drive Supports : Reserved : ATA-1 ATA-2 ATA-3
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# hdparm -i /dev/sda
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/dev/sda:
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Model=INTEL SSDSA2M080G2GC, FwRev=2CV102HD, SerialNo=CVPO037003CR080JGN
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Config={ Fixed }
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RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=0
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BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=unknown, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=1
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CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=156301488
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IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
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PIO modes: pio0 pio3 pio4
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DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2
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UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 *udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 udma6
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AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled
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Drive conforms to: ATA/ATAPI-7 T13 1532D revision 1: ATA/ATAPI-2,3,4,5,6,7
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* signifies the current active mode
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~~~
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Voir les paramètres d'un disque :
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~~~
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# hdparm /dev/sda
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/dev/sda:
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multcount = 1 (on)
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IO_support = 1 (32-bit)
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readonly = 0 (off)
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readahead = 256 (on)
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geometry # 9729/255/63, sectors 156301488, start = 0
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~~~
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Tester les performances d'accès au disque *sans* système de cache (cette opération doit
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être faite sur un système inactif et répétée 2 ou 3 fois pour être significative) :
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~~~
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# hdparm -t /dev/sda
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/dev/sda:
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Timing buffered disk reads: 384 MB in 3.01 seconds = 127.37 MB/sec
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# hdparm -t /dev/sda
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/dev/sda:
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Timing buffered disk reads: 386 MB in 3.01 seconds = 128.45 MB/sec
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# hdparm -t /dev/sda
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/dev/sda:
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Timing buffered disk reads: 388 MB in 3.01 seconds = 128.84 MB/sec
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~~~
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Tester les performances d'accès au disque *avec* système de cache (cette opération doit
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être faite sur un système inactif et répétée 2 ou 3 fois pour être significative) :
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~~~
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# hdparm -T /dev/sda
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/dev/sda:
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Timing cached reads: 12192 MB in 2.00 seconds = 6099.63 MB/sec
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# hdparm -T /dev/sda
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/dev/sda:
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Timing cached reads: 16332 MB in 2.00 seconds = 8172.65 MB/sec
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# hdparm -T /dev/sda
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/dev/sda:
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Timing cached reads: 15110 MB in 2.00 seconds = 7560.25 MB/sec
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~~~
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Activer le DMA :
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~~~
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# hdparm -d1 /dev/hda
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/dev/hda:
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setting using_dma to 1 (on)
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using_dma = 1 (on)
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~~~
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Activer le 32-bit I/O support :
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~~~
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# hdparm -c1 /dev/hda
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/dev/hda:
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setting 32-bit I/O support flag to 1
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I/O support = 1 (32-bit)
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~~~
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Désactiver le write cache :
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~~~
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# hdparm -W0 /dev/sda
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/dev/sda:
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setting drive write-caching to 0 (off)
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write-caching = 0 (off)
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~~~
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## Optimisations d'un disque PATA
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On observe les temps d'accès d'un disque :
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~~~
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# hdparm -tT /dev/hda
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/dev/hda:
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Timing buffer-cache reads: 128 MB in 2.79 seconds = 45.88 MB/sec
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Timing buffered disk reads: 64 MB in 12.99 seconds = 4.93 MB/sec
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~~~
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On observe l'état de votre disque :
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~~~
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# hdparm /dev/hda
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/dev/hda:
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multcount = 0 (off)
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I/O support = 0 (default 16-bit)
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unmaskirq = 0 (off)
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using_dma = 0 (off)
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keepsettings = 0 (off)
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nowerr = 0 (off)
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readonly = 0 (off)
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readahead = 8 (on)
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geometry # 1023/64/63, sectors 4124736, start = 0
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busstate = 1 (on)
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~~~
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On choisir d'activer le DMA et le 32 bit :
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~~~
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# hdparm -d1 -c1 /dev/hda
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/dev/hda:
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setting 32-bit I/O support flag to 1
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setting using_dma to 1 (on)
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I/O support = 1 (32-bit)
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using_dma = 1 (on)
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~~~
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Puis on reteste notre disque :
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~~~
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# hdparm -tT /dev/hda
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/dev/hda:
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Timing buffer-cache reads: 128 MB in 2.78 seconds = 46.04 MB/sec
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Timing buffered disk reads: 64 MB in 7.04 seconds = 9.09 MB/sec
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~~~
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