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HowtoSmart.md
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@ -29,8 +29,27 @@ smartmontools build with: C++98, GCC 5.4.0 20160609
man:smartd.conf(5)
~~~
## Utilisation basique
## Utilisation
Quelques exemples de commande de base :
~~~
# smartctl --scan
# smartctl -a /dev/sda
# smartctl -a /dev/sda | grep Power_On_Hours
# smartctl -a /dev/sda | grep Power_Cycle_Count
# smartctl -a /dev/sda -d megaraid,0
# smartctl -i /dev/sg0
~~~
## smartctl
On peut s'assurer que toutes les fonctionnalités SMART sont activées sur un disque via :
~~~
# smartctl -s on -o on -S on /dev/sda
~~~
### Lister les disques
@ -60,7 +79,7 @@ Sur une machine avec du RAID hardware :
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,6 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_06], SCSI device
~~~
### Voir les informations sur un disque
### Voir les informations d'un disque
L'option `-i` permet d'afficher les informations sur un disque :
@ -85,6 +104,33 @@ SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
~~~
L'option `-l error` permet d'afficher les éventuelles erreurs d'un disque :
~~~
# smartctl -l error /dev/sda
=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
Error Information (NVMe Log 0x01, max 64 entries)
Num ErrCount SQId CmdId Status PELoc LBA NSID VS
0 120 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
1 119 0 0x0018 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
2 118 0 0x0017 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
3 117 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
4 116 0 0x0018 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
5 115 0 0x0017 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
6 114 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
7 113 0 0x0018 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
8 112 0 0x0017 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
9 111 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
10 110 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
11 109 0 0x0008 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
12 108 0 0x0008 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
13 107 0 0x0018 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
14 106 0 0x0017 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
15 105 0 0x0008 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
... (48 entries not shown)
~~~
L'option `-a` permet d'afficher toutes les informations SMART :
~~~
@ -125,37 +171,91 @@ Id Fmt Data Metadt Rel_Perf
=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02, NSID 0xffffffff)
Critical Warning: 0x00
Temperature: 32 Celsius
Available Spare: 100%
Available Spare Threshold: 10%
Percentage Used: 0%
Data Units Read: 122 540 [62,7 GB]
Data Units Written: 1 927 650 [986 GB]
Host Read Commands: 1 767 402
Host Write Commands: 31 997 703
Controller Busy Time: 47
Power Cycles: 371
Power On Hours: 748
Unsafe Shutdowns: 53
Media and Data Integrity Errors: 0
Error Information Log Entries: 120
Warning Comp. Temperature Time: 0
Critical Comp. Temperature Time: 0
Temperature Sensor 1: 32 Celsius
Temperature Sensor 2: 34 Celsius
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 23) The self-test routine was aborted by
the host.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 1) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x75) SMART execute Offline immediate.
No Auto Offline data collection support.
Abort Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
Error Information (NVMe Log 0x01, max 64 entries)
Num ErrCount SQId CmdId Status PELoc LBA NSID VS
0 120 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
1 119 0 0x0018 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
[...]
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 5
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0020 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 49872
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 15
170 Unknown_Attribute 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
171 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
172 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 090 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 13
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 5
225 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 575610
226 Load-in_Time 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 18829
227 Torq-amp_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
228 Power-off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2992332
232 Available_Reservd_Space 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x0032 082 082 000 Old_age Always - 0
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 575610
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 581199
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short captive Completed without error 10% 49872 -
# 2 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 49872 -
# 3 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 00% 49872 -
# 4 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 14 -
# 5 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 4 -
# 6 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 4 -
# 7 Vendor (0x58) Completed without error 10% 4 -
Note: selective self-test log revision number (0) not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 0
Note: revision number not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
~~~
### RAID matériel
Si votre disque n'est pas un disque physique mais un volume d'un RAID matériel, il faut préciser le type et le numéro du disque physique voulu :
~~~
@ -185,8 +285,6 @@ Dans certains cas, le contrôleur RAID dispose d'une possibilité de voir le dis
# modprobe sg
# smartctl -i /dev/sg0
smartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [x86_64-linux-4.4.0-92-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Toshiba 3.5" MG03ACAxxx(Y) Enterprise HDD
@ -207,13 +305,89 @@ SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
~~~
### Tester un disque
On peut lancer un test rapide d'un disque :
~~~
# smartctl -t short /dev/sda
=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".
Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.
Testing has begun.
Please wait 1 minutes for test to complete.
Test will complete after Thu Dec 7 02:51:10 2017
~~~
On peut visualiser les résultats du test avec :
~~~
# smartctl -l selftest /dev/sda
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 49872 -
# 2 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 00% 49872 -
# 3 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 14 -
# 4 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 4 -
# 5 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 4 -
# 6 Vendor (0x58) Completed without error 10% 4 -
~~~
On peut aussi lancer un test long :
~~~
# smartctl -t long /dev/sda
~~~
Si l'on veut interrompre le test en cours :
~~~
# smartctl -X /dev/sda
=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Abort SMART off-line mode self-test routine".
Self-testing aborted!
~~~
## smartd
On active **smartd** en listant les périphériques concernés via `/etc/default/smartmontools` :
~~~
enable_smart="/dev/sda /dev/sdb"
start_smartd=yes
smartd_opts="--interval=1800"
~~~
Puis on peut personnaliser l'adresse email de réception des alertes via `/etc/smartd.conf` :
~~~
DEVICESCAN -d removable -n standby -m monitoring@example.com -M exec /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd-runner
~~~
## FAQ
Voir <https://www.smartmontools.org/wiki/FAQ>
smartctl -s on /dev/hda %activer
smartctl -a /dev/hda %infos
smartctl -t long /dev/hda
smartctl -l error /dev/hda
gg
### Device does not support SMART
Certains disques ne supportent pas SMART. Exemple :
~~~
# smartctl -a /dev/sda
Device: ATA Maxtor 7Y250M0 Version: YAR5
Serial number: XXXXXX
Device type: disk
Local Time is: Thu Dec 7 01:59:43 2017 CET
Device does not support SMART
Error Counter logging not supported
[GLTSD (Global Logging Target Save Disable) set. Enable Save with '-S on']
Device does not support Self Test logging
~~~