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HowtoSmart.md View File

@ -29,8 +29,27 @@ smartmontools build with: C++98, GCC 5.4.0 20160609
man:smartd.conf(5)
~~~
## Utilisation basique
## Utilisation
Quelques exemples de commande de base :
~~~
# smartctl --scan
# smartctl -a /dev/sda
# smartctl -a /dev/sda | grep Power_On_Hours
# smartctl -a /dev/sda | grep Power_Cycle_Count
# smartctl -a /dev/sda -d megaraid,0
# smartctl -i /dev/sg0
~~~
## smartctl
On peut s'assurer que toutes les fonctionnalités SMART sont activées sur un disque via :
~~~
# smartctl -s on -o on -S on /dev/sda
~~~
### Lister les disques
@ -60,7 +79,7 @@ Sur une machine avec du RAID hardware :
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,6 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_06], SCSI device
~~~
### Voir les informations sur un disque
### Voir les informations d'un disque
L'option `-i` permet d'afficher les informations sur un disque :
@ -85,6 +104,33 @@ SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
~~~
L'option `-l error` permet d'afficher les éventuelles erreurs d'un disque :
~~~
# smartctl -l error /dev/sda
=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
Error Information (NVMe Log 0x01, max 64 entries)
Num ErrCount SQId CmdId Status PELoc LBA NSID VS
0 120 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
1 119 0 0x0018 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
2 118 0 0x0017 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
3 117 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
4 116 0 0x0018 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
5 115 0 0x0017 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
6 114 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
7 113 0 0x0018 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
8 112 0 0x0017 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
9 111 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
10 110 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
11 109 0 0x0008 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
12 108 0 0x0008 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
13 107 0 0x0018 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
14 106 0 0x0017 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
15 105 0 0x0008 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
... (48 entries not shown)
~~~
L'option `-a` permet d'afficher toutes les informations SMART :
~~~
@ -125,37 +171,91 @@ Id Fmt Data Metadt Rel_Perf
=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02, NSID 0xffffffff)
Critical Warning: 0x00
Temperature: 32 Celsius
Available Spare: 100%
Available Spare Threshold: 10%
Percentage Used: 0%
Data Units Read: 122 540 [62,7 GB]
Data Units Written: 1 927 650 [986 GB]
Host Read Commands: 1 767 402
Host Write Commands: 31 997 703
Controller Busy Time: 47
Power Cycles: 371
Power On Hours: 748
Unsafe Shutdowns: 53
Media and Data Integrity Errors: 0
Error Information Log Entries: 120
Warning Comp. Temperature Time: 0
Critical Comp. Temperature Time: 0
Temperature Sensor 1: 32 Celsius
Temperature Sensor 2: 34 Celsius
Error Information (NVMe Log 0x01, max 64 entries)
Num ErrCount SQId CmdId Status PELoc LBA NSID VS
0 120 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
1 119 0 0x0018 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
[...]
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 23) The self-test routine was aborted by
the host.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 1) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x75) SMART execute Offline immediate.
No Auto Offline data collection support.
Abort Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 5
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0020 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 49872
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 15
170 Unknown_Attribute 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
171 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
172 Unknown_Attribute 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 090 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 13
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 5
225 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 575610
226 Load-in_Time 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 18829
227 Torq-amp_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
228 Power-off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2992332
232 Available_Reservd_Space 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x0032 082 082 000 Old_age Always - 0
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 575610
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 581199
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short captive Completed without error 10% 49872 -
# 2 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 49872 -
# 3 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 00% 49872 -
# 4 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 14 -
# 5 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 4 -
# 6 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 4 -
# 7 Vendor (0x58) Completed without error 10% 4 -
Note: selective self-test log revision number (0) not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 0
Note: revision number not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
~~~
### RAID matériel
Si votre disque n'est pas un disque physique mais un volume d'un RAID matériel, il faut préciser le type et le numéro du disque physique voulu :
~~~
@ -185,8 +285,6 @@ Dans certains cas, le contrôleur RAID dispose d'une possibilité de voir le dis
# modprobe sg
# smartctl -i /dev/sg0
smartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [x86_64-linux-4.4.0-92-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Toshiba 3.5" MG03ACAxxx(Y) Enterprise HDD
@ -207,13 +305,89 @@ SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
~~~
### Tester un disque
On peut lancer un test rapide d'un disque :
~~~
# smartctl -t short /dev/sda
=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".
Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.
Testing has begun.
Please wait 1 minutes for test to complete.
Test will complete after Thu Dec 7 02:51:10 2017
~~~
On peut visualiser les résultats du test avec :
~~~
# smartctl -l selftest /dev/sda
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 49872 -
# 2 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 00% 49872 -
# 3 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 14 -
# 4 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 4 -
# 5 Reserved (0x20) Completed without error 10% 4 -
# 6 Vendor (0x58) Completed without error 10% 4 -
~~~
On peut aussi lancer un test long :
~~~
# smartctl -t long /dev/sda
~~~
Si l'on veut interrompre le test en cours :
~~~
# smartctl -X /dev/sda
=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Abort SMART off-line mode self-test routine".
Self-testing aborted!
~~~
## smartd
On active **smartd** en listant les périphériques concernés via `/etc/default/smartmontools` :
~~~
enable_smart="/dev/sda /dev/sdb"
start_smartd=yes
smartd_opts="--interval=1800"
~~~
Puis on peut personnaliser l'adresse email de réception des alertes via `/etc/smartd.conf` :
~~~
DEVICESCAN -d removable -n standby -m monitoring@example.com -M exec /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd-runner
~~~
## FAQ
Voir <https://www.smartmontools.org/wiki/FAQ>
smartctl -s on /dev/hda %activer
smartctl -a /dev/hda %infos
smartctl -t long /dev/hda
smartctl -l error /dev/hda
gg
### Device does not support SMART
Certains disques ne supportent pas SMART. Exemple :
~~~
# smartctl -a /dev/sda
Device: ATA Maxtor 7Y250M0 Version: YAR5
Serial number: XXXXXX
Device type: disk
Local Time is: Thu Dec 7 01:59:43 2017 CET
Device does not support SMART
Error Counter logging not supported
[GLTSD (Global Logging Target Save Disable) set. Enable Save with '-S on']
Device does not support Self Test logging
~~~

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