220 lines
7.6 KiB
Markdown
220 lines
7.6 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
categories: hardware storage
|
|
title: Howto SMART
|
|
...
|
|
|
|
Documentation : <https://www.smartmontools.org/wiki/TocDoc>
|
|
|
|
[SMART](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-Monitoring,_Analysis_and_Reporting_Technology) (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology) est intégrée à la plupart des disques durs pour avoir des indicateurs de diagnostic. Sous Linux/Unix, [Smartmontools](https://www.smartmontools.org/) est l'outil pour exploiter la technologie SMART, notamment avec la commande `smartctl` et le démon `smartd`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Installation
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
# apt install smartmontools
|
|
|
|
$ /usr/sbin/smartctl -V
|
|
smartctl 6.6 2016-05-31 r4324 [x86_64-linux-4.9.0-4-amd64] (local build)
|
|
[...]
|
|
smartmontools release 6.6 dated 2016-05-07 at 11:17:46 UTC
|
|
smartmontools SVN rev 4324 dated 2016-05-31 at 20:45:50
|
|
smartmontools build host: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
|
|
smartmontools build with: C++98, GCC 5.4.0 20160609
|
|
[...]
|
|
|
|
# systemctl status smartd
|
|
● smartd.service - Self Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART) Daemon
|
|
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/smartd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
|
|
Docs: man:smartd(8)
|
|
man:smartd.conf(5)
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Utilisation
|
|
|
|
### Lister les disques
|
|
|
|
Sur une machine avec un seul disque :
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
# smartctl --scan
|
|
|
|
/dev/sda -d scsi # /dev/sda, SCSI device
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
Sur une machine avec du RAID hardware :
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
# smartctl --scan
|
|
|
|
/dev/hdd -d ata # /dev/hdd, ATA device
|
|
/dev/sda -d scsi # /dev/sda, SCSI device
|
|
/dev/sdb -d scsi # /dev/sdb, SCSI device
|
|
/dev/sdc -d scsi # /dev/sdc, SCSI device
|
|
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,0 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_00], SCSI device
|
|
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,1 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_01], SCSI device
|
|
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,2 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_02], SCSI device
|
|
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,3 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_03], SCSI device
|
|
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,4 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_04], SCSI device
|
|
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,5 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_05], SCSI device
|
|
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,6 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_06], SCSI device
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
### Voir les informations sur un disque
|
|
|
|
L'option `-i` permet d'afficher les informations sur un disque :
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
# smartctl -i /dev/sda
|
|
|
|
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
|
|
Model Family: Seagate Laptop Thin HDD
|
|
Device Model: ST500LM021-1KJ152
|
|
Serial Number: XXXXXXXX
|
|
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 09cbac333
|
|
Firmware Version: 0005SDM1
|
|
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
|
|
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
|
|
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
|
|
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
|
|
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
|
|
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
|
|
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
|
|
Local Time is: Tue Nov 28 16:19:49 2017 CET
|
|
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
|
|
SMART support is: Enabled
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
L'option `-a` permet d'afficher toutes les informations SMART :
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
# smartctl -a /dev/sda
|
|
|
|
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
|
|
Model Number: SAMSUNG MZVLW256HEHP-000L7
|
|
Serial Number: XXXXXXXX
|
|
Firmware Version: 4L7QCXB7
|
|
PCI Vendor/Subsystem ID: 0x144d
|
|
IEEE OUI Identifier: 0x002538
|
|
Total NVM Capacity: 256 060 514 304 [256 GB]
|
|
Unallocated NVM Capacity: 0
|
|
Controller ID: 2
|
|
Number of Namespaces: 1
|
|
Namespace 1 Size/Capacity: 256 060 514 304 [256 GB]
|
|
Namespace 1 Utilization: 208 604 237 824 [208 GB]
|
|
Namespace 1 Formatted LBA Size: 512
|
|
Local Time is: Mon Dec 4 00:16:33 2017 CET
|
|
Firmware Updates (0x16): 3 Slots, no Reset required
|
|
Optional Admin Commands (0x0017): Security Format Frmw_DL *Other*
|
|
Optional NVM Commands (0x001f): Comp Wr_Unc DS_Mngmt Wr_Zero Sav/Sel_Feat
|
|
Warning Comp. Temp. Threshold: 69 Celsius
|
|
Critical Comp. Temp. Threshold: 72 Celsius
|
|
|
|
Supported Power States
|
|
St Op Max Active Idle RL RT WL WT Ent_Lat Ex_Lat
|
|
0 + 7.60W - - 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
|
1 + 6.00W - - 1 1 1 1 0 0
|
|
2 + 5.10W - - 2 2 2 2 0 0
|
|
3 - 0.0400W - - 3 3 3 3 210 1500
|
|
4 - 0.0050W - - 4 4 4 4 2200 6000
|
|
|
|
Supported LBA Sizes (NSID 0x1)
|
|
Id Fmt Data Metadt Rel_Perf
|
|
0 + 512 0 0
|
|
|
|
=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
|
|
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
|
|
|
|
SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02, NSID 0xffffffff)
|
|
Critical Warning: 0x00
|
|
Temperature: 32 Celsius
|
|
Available Spare: 100%
|
|
Available Spare Threshold: 10%
|
|
Percentage Used: 0%
|
|
Data Units Read: 122 540 [62,7 GB]
|
|
Data Units Written: 1 927 650 [986 GB]
|
|
Host Read Commands: 1 767 402
|
|
Host Write Commands: 31 997 703
|
|
Controller Busy Time: 47
|
|
Power Cycles: 371
|
|
Power On Hours: 748
|
|
Unsafe Shutdowns: 53
|
|
Media and Data Integrity Errors: 0
|
|
Error Information Log Entries: 120
|
|
Warning Comp. Temperature Time: 0
|
|
Critical Comp. Temperature Time: 0
|
|
Temperature Sensor 1: 32 Celsius
|
|
Temperature Sensor 2: 34 Celsius
|
|
|
|
Error Information (NVMe Log 0x01, max 64 entries)
|
|
Num ErrCount SQId CmdId Status PELoc LBA NSID VS
|
|
0 120 0 0x0008 0x4004 - 0 0 -
|
|
1 119 0 0x0018 0x4004 0x02c 0 0 -
|
|
[...]
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
### RAID matériel
|
|
|
|
Si votre disque n'est pas un disque physique mais un volume d'un RAID matériel, il faut préciser le type et le numéro du disque physique voulu :
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
# smartctl -i /dev/sda -d megaraid,0
|
|
|
|
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
|
|
Device Model: SSDSC2BB480G7R
|
|
Serial Number: XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
|
|
LU WWN Device Id: 5 5cd2e4 14d52d0aa
|
|
Add. Product Id: DELL(tm)
|
|
Firmware Version: N201DL41
|
|
User Capacity: 480,103,981,056 bytes [480 GB]
|
|
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
|
|
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
|
|
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
|
|
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
|
|
ATA Version is: ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 5
|
|
SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
|
|
Local Time is: Tue Nov 28 16:27:57 2017 CET
|
|
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
|
|
SMART support is: Enabled
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
Dans certains cas, le contrôleur RAID dispose d'une possibilité de voir le disque au travers d'un module SCSI générique.
|
|
|
|
~~~
|
|
# modprobe sg
|
|
|
|
# smartctl -i /dev/sg0
|
|
smartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [x86_64-linux-4.4.0-92-generic] (local build)
|
|
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
|
|
|
|
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
|
|
Model Family: Toshiba 3.5" MG03ACAxxx(Y) Enterprise HDD
|
|
Device Model: TOSHIBA MG03ACA100
|
|
Serial Number: XXXXX
|
|
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000039 4eb981078
|
|
Add. Product Id: DELL(tm)
|
|
Firmware Version: FL1D
|
|
User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
|
|
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
|
|
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
|
|
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
|
|
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
|
|
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS (minor revision not indicated)
|
|
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 3.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
|
|
Local Time is: Fri Dec 1 11:57:19 2017 CET
|
|
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
|
|
SMART support is: Enabled
|
|
~~~
|
|
|
|
|
|
## FAQ
|
|
|
|
Voir <https://www.smartmontools.org/wiki/FAQ>
|
|
|
|
smartctl -s on /dev/hda %activer
|
|
smartctl -a /dev/hda %infos
|
|
smartctl -t long /dev/hda
|
|
smartctl -l error /dev/hda
|
|
gg
|